What Is Pest In Agriculture and Concept Emergence of Pests

In agricultural cultivation will not separated from the presence of pests on the plant if it is a threat to the cultivation of conventional agriculture or the agricultural industry, the presence of pests on your plants, if you ever see where the pest and then you do not immediately exterminating / control it can cause damage and can cause farmers crop failure and if they can harvest it will affect agricultural processing. So before we talk about tips or easy way for pest control, then we must know in advance what is a pest.?And how pest it appears on the plant us.? Well on this occasion I will start to review some of the pests, and in the future we can be more careful and precision pest control in plants by knowing pest control techniques among other natural pest control, organic pest control or chemicals pest control.

Definition of pests in the broad sense are all forms of the disorder in humans, crops and livestock. While understanding the pests in the narrow sense that relating with cultivation of plants in the agricultural sector, what can we interpret the threat is all the animals that interfere with or damage the plant until the results which this life-activity can cause economic loss for the agriculture business. Their understanding that an animal in one crop have not cause economic loss can't called as a pest. However, their potential as pests will need to monitored in an activity called pest monitoring. Broadly speaking, animals that could potentially become pests are of the type: rodents, insects, mites, birds or large mammals. But in practice it may in an area of the animal could be a pest, but the presence these animals in other areas is not necessarily become pests, because of the presence the animal is not harmful / not harmful. In these conditions very different from the conditions of a pest, we can take an example, if there are insects that attack runs a plantation where crops considered uneconomic / non crops cultivated the farm, then the insects will not get the treatment for be controlled, could even just the opposite occurs, if the insect has economic value then it is possible the insects will be widely used by humans. Thus the human / farmers do not consider it become pests insect. On the contrary, if the insects attacking agricultural land / crops, the status will change to insect pests and you as farmers must responsive in control you can use a tool insect exterminator or other.

That is what a brief about what the pest, once we know little about the pest hopefully we can determine and choose pests / animals that exist or are present in your plant, so that in the future we are not easy to panic because you already know which type of pest and which are not included pests. Once we know what the pest we will continue the discussion of how pathogens are appearing in our plants, the following will explain the concept emergence of pests on our plants.

The concept emergence of pests can be classified into three groups:
1. The occurrence the process of opening new land at a place
Broadly speaking, the opening of new land will make changes and can cause ecosystem at that place becomes unbalanced, example the occurrence of any population decline or even extinction of natural enemies so that the pest population increases and cause damage to the agricultural sector. The opening of new land will lead to the condition of ecosystems on agricultural land to become unstable. Subsequently if the cultivation on that land done by way of monoculture (similar plant continuously) would then potentially the domination of an organism / pests on the ecosystem in the area. Monoculture planting would and could lead to available very abundant food source for an organism / pest, so that populations of organisms / pests will grow very quickly while controlling factors such as natural enemies may be lacking and decreasing due to opening of new land. Pimentel (1982) says that the monoculture cropping causes into simple biotic communities, so that less stable ecosystem and provide a suitable environment for pest population explosion.

2. Introduction / Planting new plants to a location
This incident can be understood from two directions, the first is the plant which was introduced / planted does not carry pests but the rapid development from these plants can change the status of the plant become a weed and have thus become very dangerous for crops other such cases the introduction of water hyacinth. The second is the introduction / Planting crops by carrying plant pest but the natural enemies of pests are not be carried. So when plants are cultivated and carried pests can develop properly, then the control measures will be difficult because naturally we do not develop their natural enemies. It's very important to understand us as a action in preventing the spread of pests a broader in plants. Pimentel (1982) states that:

• Entered / introduction of new crops, because new crops can not withstand pest attacks the original in an ecosystem
• The introduction of new pest species, in this case the species of insects / parasites that inadvertently carried away and get into a new area that may change the status of a pest / pathogen.

3. Changes in human perception
It can also determine the status of pests on plants that we are planting, one of which can be measured from the economic threshold as described in the above discussion. Animals may change its status become pests if the population has exceeded or above the economic threshold, or level of damage inflicted is already adverse economically. With ever increasing consumer understanding on the quality the product, then from the producers will attempt to fulfill the wishes of consumers. Stern, et al. (1959) say that their environment changes pest entry into a new area, the situation in the new land suitable for development, then his status changed to "pest".

Pests and pest control are really important for the realization of productivity and quality of agricultural products, but you read a short review I have, I hope you can understand the existence of pests on the plants you grow, for my next review will discuss the life cycle of pests on crops, because pest was very much then I will discuss pest cycles that we often see in our plants and perhaps to some pests are difficult to control. Okay so first discussion of what the pest and how the concept emergence of pests, hopefully this short article I can be useful for your readers, and you can also share this article with your friends or other farmers.

"Greeting Agriculture"

Reference :

Pimentel, D. (1982). Perspectives of integrated pest management. Crop Protect. 1 :5-26 Stern et al. (1959): The Past, Present, and Future of IPM.